Do i need hurricane ties on every rafter

Installation. A roofer is not a framer or engineer. What we think they do. Rafter ties shall be not less than 2 inches by 4 inches (51 mm by 102 mm) (nominal), installed in accordance with the connection requirements in Table R802. As the name itself implies, the structure should be so strong that not even a hurricane should disrupt it, let alone compromise your roofing. Layout your sheet of plywood on sawhorses. <p>Seismic and hurricane ties are metal connectors with various configurations. Use a drill bit slightly smaller than the screws you will be using. Then set them on a roof as they will sit- the one with the birds mouth is very likely to just stay. Collar ties should be no smaller than 1×4 nominal lumber and should be near or in the upper third of the rafter span. All common Simpson hurricane ties, such as H1, H2. Best Overall: Simpson Strong-Tie H2. 5A – Hurricane Tie Installation; H2. To do so, secure nails in every hole from the side and front of the strap. 1(9), or connections of equivalent capacities shall be provided. Some form of uplift resistance has always been required. com/framing/index. A Birds mouth on the other hand creates a proper seat for download. Unfortunately, the confusion doesn’t end there—other commonly misunderstood terms include single wrap, double wrap, and hurricane clips. May 6, 2024 · Here’s a step-by-step guide to measuring and cutting the rafters for your shed: 1. Collar ties, shown above, are installed to resist the separation of the rafters from the ridge beam under a There are also U-shaped hurricane ties. 1. Actually I was just reading where the Simson H1 or H10 can be Jul 1, 2006 · Setting the rafters on top of the floor system should provide the required rafter-thrust resistance. S/H2. , the number of 16d common nails shall be two times the number specified for rafters spaced 16 inches (406 mm) o. It's important to use hurricane ties when framing your shed roof. The most popular hurricane straps are made of galvanised steel or stainless steel and they are designed to protect structures from the ravages of adverse weather events such as tropical storms and winter storms. About This Product. Drill the tie into place on the rafter. And as the name suggests, a galvanized metal connector should be strong In older wood frame construction, the connection of roof trusses or rafters to walls is 2 or 3 sixteen penny (16d) nails driven at angles (toe nailed) through the rafter or truss into the top plate of the wall. The one without will slide off every time. Thus, the most important areas to retrofit are the 6 to 8 ft nearest the outside corners and the gable ends. Rafter ties or ceiling joists support the rafters and sidewalls under gravity loads, including the dead load of the roof structure and live loads such as snow (above drawing). 5T – Hurricane Tie A collar tie is a tension tie in the upper third of opposing gable rafters that is intended to resist rafter separation from the ridge beam during periods of unbalanced loads, such as that caused by wind uplift, or unbalanced roof loads from snow. In Part 2, we will discuss the difference May 16, 2022 · It doesn’t change the price for you or anything, but it helps to support our blog if you do use them to buy these hurricane straps. Their estimate was 700 straps (their est has got to be wrong - more like 350 total requiring 175 to do about 50%) to do every other or alternating rafter plus 1800 labor. As part of a continuous load path, the H2. #1 · Aug 23, 2021. Thi Oct 29, 2018 · Collar ties go on the top third of the rafters, and mainly hold the rafters to the ridge beam, they may or may not be required by local code, or may not be required if you use an approved metal connector like a Simpson rafter tie. This can help prevent corrosion. 5 and S/H3 are designed to resist seismic and wind forces in cold-formed steel applications. The HS24 saddle rafter tie is designed to help resist wind and seismic forces. 5A Hurricane Tie eliminates the need for separate left and right parts. Or if your layout for your joists are 16" oc, and your rafters are at 24" oc, you need H3Z. Measure the span from the outside of one wall to the outside of the opposite wall to obtain the rafter length. For example, if you’re using a U-shaped tie, you’ll want to place it around the rafter or truss and against the wall plate. Table of Contents. H10A models come with optional fastener holes to connect roof Feb 1, 2019 · Simpson’s instructions for which nail is used for nailing the strapping or tie-down to the framing lumber vary a bit by connector and its application but the most-common is the 8d (0. With this technique, lookout blocks are used to connect the barge or fly rafter back to the gable framing. From roof truss and rafter connectors to twisted straps and hurricane ties, these connectors provide the uplift and lateral capacity necessary for a wide range of projects. , the horizontal beam on top of the walls). Get free shipping on qualified Hurricane Tie Metal Straps products or Buy Online Pick Up in Store today in the Building Materials Department. Ridge straps are permitted to replace collar ties. These are inexpensive and are a good precaution to use wherever high winds may be a problem, especially in zones where hurricanes and tornadoes are common. Nov 5, 2023 · Use 10 screws for a standard u-shaped hurricane tie. 5 on every rafter. Feb 10, 2022 · 2. 5A. Some hurricane tie models are available with additional corrosion resistance for exterior and Dec 8, 2014 · Learn how to install and maintain roof rafter ties in this informative video from House Framing. Some hurricane tie models are available with additional corrosion resistance for exterior and treated-timber applications. ceiling. . Hurricane ties can then be fastened to wall construction and the wooden roof. 11 Roof tie-down. 5A resists both lateral and uplift loads. The H1A is designed for nominal 2x lumber. this structure is trouble. Qty Type Qty Type Qty Type 4 8d x 1-1/2 4 8d -- --350 190 65 130 90 310 155 65 130 90 4 8d x 1-1/2 4 8d x 1-1/2 -- -- 345 190 65 130 90 305 155 65 130 90 Oct 9, 2023 · A collar tie prevents rafter framing from separating from the ridge board under unbalanced loads. Ensure it is centered and flush with the top of the rafter. To get a permit to build in South Carolina, you must have your straps inspected and approved by a licensed engineer. That being said, hurricane ties, also known as hurricane straps or About This Product. As a final note, do not confuse rafter Model # H1AZ Store SKU # 1000170485. Where rafter ties are spaced at 32 inches (813 mm) o. Most hurricane ties connect the roof to the top plate only. Algunos conectores se instalan con el Simpson Strong-Tie Strong-Drive 1/4" SDS HEAVY-DUTY CONNECTOR screw. Part 1 on ridge boards and ridge beams can be read here . 5 is made for moderate loads at the rafter/truss, while the S/H3 is made for moderate loads at the rafter/truss-to-top-track I am new to framing and building my first house. Jan 24, 2023 · 1. Timber connectors attach the beams, floor plates, and studs to the structure, while rafter connectors attach rafters to ridge boards. May 16, 2022 · Hurricane tie-down terms can be confusing. if the embedded posts aren't pressure treated, then they will likely rot over time. For instance, many people think toe nail connections can replace hurricane clips, but they can’t. 0. In this article Richard Reynolds, who helped write the new code language, outlines the steps involved: how to inspect the connections that tie existing rafters or trusses to the wall plate to determine whether retrofitting is needed; and, if the home does need a Apr 1, 2023 · Purchase the hurricane ties that are most appropriate, according to your measurements. 4 states that a roof with a pitch less than 3:12 requires a structural ridge. Not all ties will fit every truss or rafter just right; thus, finding Aug 9, 2013 · Ripping the attachment strip requires a completely different setup with a different tool, whereas most framers I know cut the birdsmouths as just a small additional part of rafter-cutting “production. 3. Installation of Hurricane Ties Placement on the Interior or Exterior Side of Walls A common method to make the roof to wall connection is with the use of hurricane ties. Mingledtrash. I was doing most of the work with my brother and he told me that if I use hurricane ties then it wouldn't be necessary to do bird's mouth cuts on my rafters. Jan 10, 2022 · Retrofitting Hurricane straps means adding one or two 16d nails to the existing straps. Hurricane Ties. Also section R802. The H3 single-sided hurricane tie is designed to resist moderate loads at the rafter/truss-to-top-plate connection. Hurricane Ties provide a positive connection between the truss/rafter and the wall of the structure to resist wind and seismic forces. Truss Rafter MiTek ® SP ® Product Catalog 263 Copyrigh 02 MiTe ndustries nc Al Right Reserved HC / HCPRS / HHCP / LFTA / RT / TSP Hurricane Ties Truss Rafter Ref. I'm curious though on how to tie the end rafters since on the ends there would only be a top plate on one side of the rafter. These connectors are engineered to resist increased loads due to high-wind or seismic events, and are available for both wood and steel applications. H2. Instead, your team can sim­ply drill Tim­ber­LOK screws into place and reduce the time, mon­ey, and effort, all while meet­ing code. Feb 9, 2017 · MVPs. A ceiling joist or rafter tie is required at every rafter. This U-shaped hurricane tie provides faster installation than using two single-sided ties. Facing the long side of your material, measure down from the top edge 8”. We are required to put either 1-h1 or 1-h2. 10. It replaces the need for hurricane ties by creating a strong truss-to-top-plate connection and reducing uplift. Con­tact the experts at Fas­ten­Mas­ter today or call 800−518−3569 for more information! Hurricane ties were optimal for attaching trusses and rafters to top plates. Simpson Strong-Tie offers a variety of connectors for cold-formed steel construction. However, in a conventionally framed peaked roof, like the kind you describe, collar ties would probably serve little or no function, since the attic floor joists serve as ties to prevent the rafters from spreading. So I went on my merry way and installed the rafters after I finishe Jul 20, 2015 · To my knowledge, "hurricane clips", ties or any other specific product have never been required prescriptively. The connector must be attached to the truss or rafter with a minimum of three nails. Drill pilot holes through the rafters and into the ridge beam. Share. Jul 26, 2018 · http://www. So roughly 7 – 8” long for a 2×4. joists. In 24 inch rafter spacing, collar ties are on every other pair of rafters or 48 inches apart. Straps & Ties. Collar ties (or ridge straps) prevent the ridge from separating due to uplift pressure from wind (top drawing, right). Install outriggers so that they butt against the rafter or truss next to the rafter or truss on the gable end and pass above the rafter or truss on the gable end using a straddle-type hurricane strap and suitable fasteners. 3. By capturing all three framing members, the H2A eliminates the need for a separate top-plate-to-stud connection. Be sure to use joist hanger nails to remain up to code (often stamped 28 on the top of the nail). There is no discount for toe nailing. ”. You may want to screw one or two in and then move on to the beam to make sure it is Different Methods to Attach Rafters to the Top Plate. Apr 1, 1998 · A. 131" x 2 1/2") Nail. Hold the hurricane tie in place with one hand, using a power drill with a Sep 27, 2007 · The Strong Tie or Hurricane clip should be used in conjunction with a properly cut birds mouth. The H2. One of the primary choices when it comes to replacing birdsmouth cut structures in your roofing are hurricane ties. To maintain a continuous load path, a connection must be made to transfer load through the top plate to the wall. In an older masonry house, the truss/rafter may be toe nailed to a wood plate that is bolted to the tie beam at the top of wall. Ties should be located at connection points as well as between the joists and the top plate (i. These ties were developed to help strengthen the framing for roofs to help prevent damage from strong wind and seismic forces. This three-part series aims to provide an overview of these critical components in an effort of providing an overview of residential roof framing basics, code requirements, and common deficiencies. every hole in the tie must have a nail into wood This section is specific to this type of cut. Straps & Ties A35 – Framing Angle/Plate Installation. Simpson Strong-Tie H series of hurricane ties provide a positive connection between truss/rafter and the wall of the structure to resist wind and seismic forces. The braces need to be supported by a bearing wall, shown in the diagram above. These small parts are really important for keeping your home safe, and you should check their weight capacity to make sure they're perfect for your house. Purchase the nails you will need and that, ideally, are made from the same material as the hurricane ties. there isn't enough lateral resistance in the structure at the level of the posts. Mark along the rafter or truss next to the rafter or truss on the gable end at 12 inches on center. The rafter or beam sits in the tie’s cradle while the lower part of the strap is mounted to the top plate of the wall. BSVBD (Structural) (OP) 9 Feb 17 20:57. Nov 1, 2008 · New Florida codes compel contractors to upgrade the roof-wall connections on qualifying older homes when replacing the roof covering. Inside Vs. By clicking "I AGREE" below, you are giving your consent for us to set cookies. Hurricane ties are generally made by Simpson Strong-Tie, and they are a great alternative to birdsmouth cuts. Collar ties or ridge straps must be spaced not further than every 4 feet (1219 mm) on Photo 1 shows a common method used to reinforce the connection between a rafter or roof truss and the double top plate of a wood-frame wall. Instalar con un destornillador de casquillo hexagonal o de tuercas de 3/8". Properties that lie in any tropical weather H8. Aug 9, 2023 · The hurricane tie may come with specific instructions for positioning the tie. 516 posts · Joined 2015. Dec 21, 2020 · A metal connector clip or strap must be installed from the wall to every truss or rafter. 2. I'm thinking two or three 2x6's spaced fairly evenly across the room should do it, but I'm just guessing. Align the rafters so that they are flush with the ends of the ridge beam. Only end trusses must be strapped, and two ties must be H11Z Hurricane Tie. Apr 24, 2022 · South Carolina. The H1A provides a connection between the truss or rafter and the wall of the structure that helps resist wind and seismic forces. No. Discover the benefits and challenges of this essential component of roof framing. As a final admonition, make sure that any framing detail — such as the rafter Simpson Strong-Tie category "Rafter Ties" We use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience. Your truss shop drawing will tell you how many pounds up uplift the connection needs to resist. Trusses can also be used to connect rafters to a ridge beam. Hips and Valleys. Best Metal Hanger Strip: Sioux Chief 524-1022PK2 22-Gauge Metal Hanger Strap. Place the hurricane tie on the rafter, aligning it with the marked position. 5T – Hurricane Tie Oct 21, 2009 · Jun 22, 2010. The H11Z is specifically designed for 3x nominal lumber. Position the Rafters. There should be between two to six screws to attach the tie to the rafter with another set to attach to the beam. This type of rafter support should be stronger than a birdsmouth cut. With a properly engineered structural ridge, rafter ties can be eliminated completely. I'm building a shed for my son and will be using Simpson H10A hurricane ties to join the rafters to the top plate. H3. 5A single-sided hurricane tie is designed to resist moderate loads at the rafter/truss-to-top-plate connection. Mar 27, 2024 · However, traditional hurricane ties are time-consuming to install and often require specialized tools. Nov 8, 2007 · Hurricane ties are hardware pieces that connect the joists to cantilevered beams to reduce uplift forces caused by high winds. The H1 is designed for nominal 2x lumber. 4. H3 ties are available in left- and right-hand models and can be installed in pairs. 81Z Hurricane Tie is designed for use with 45mm structural timber framing to provide a stronger connection between the top Jul 8, 2024 · Pre-drilling holes in the rafters and beams before attaching them will help prevent the wood from splitting. What they actually do vs. Secure the rafters to the ridge beam using bolts or screws. #11 · Aug 17, 2016. But putting in an H clip is an easy way to cover that base in most circumstances. The IRC does require what is commonly refered to even here in Montana as "Hurricane Clips" My own house equated out to over 500 lbs of uplift in a 90 mph wind load R802. Jan 30, 2014 · Ideally I'd like to remove the ceiling joists at the top plate and move them up to the 1/3rd mark so they are a bit higher and also reduce as much as possible the number of ties needed. H10A. Requiring ten nails, each hammered Apr 22, 2024 · How Do Hurricane Ties Work? You'll need to pick the right hurricane ties to keep your Florida roof safe from hurricanes. The H8 is versatile and has been tested for connecting I-joist rafters to double top plates as well as studs to sill plates. The reason it has a low rating is that it is just nails, and they are approximately aligned with uplift force on the roof framing caused by a hurricane (in withdrawal). The final product should be able to withstand winds up to 110 mph (177 kph). Once removed, you’ll need to secure the connectors at every wall to rafter connection. Provides a connection as part of a continuous load path to resist wind and seismic forces. A35 Studs to Plate Condition. Jan 9, 2019 · In other words, to raise the ceiling joists more than one-third of the ridge height, a structural ridge would be required. Most of the soffits are closed (for foam insul. 5. These ties connect both solid-sawn and engineered timber across a wide range of applications. c. The embossments add stiffness in crucial areas for improved Ceiling joists or rafter ties are the framing members used to resist the horizontal thrust from gravity loads. Collar ties or ridge straps are used to resist the ridge uplift caused by the wind load. Huge savings for one detail. </p>. Position the hurricane tie on the rafter to extend down to the beam below. These single-sided hurricane ties form part of a continuous load path for both lateral and uplift loads. How would I tie the end rafters? Typically, hurricane ties are installed at regular intervals, such as every 30 inches (750 mm) along the length of the rafter. A35 – Framing Angle/Plate Installation. Gable End Overhangs: Ladder Outlooker Block Method. Model # H2. CS/CMST14 – Coiled Strap Installation. M. Shown below is Simpson Strongtie's H1 hurricane tie, for which, in the instructions for the H1 (given below) the company cites two fasteners The H2A single-sided hurricane tie makes a direct connection between the rafter or truss, the top plates and the wall studs. e. Each side of the gusset will be 8” long, but only 8” tall. This tie is mainly intended to forestall hurricane wind updrafts and is not replacement for a properly seated rafter. The symmetrical design eliminates the need for separate right and left parts. After the project is complete, check and Sep 26, 2017 · Center each rafter over the beam. if its a double girder truss or something like that it will typically require 2-h2. R803. These ties connect both solid-sawn and engineered lumber across a wide range of applications. ) - the soffits around the garage and patio are vented however. The code in South Carolina requires that all homes be built with hurricane straps. 7. Rafter ties go across the bottom third of the rafters, in older construction they could be on the bottom half or Structural Engineering Blog. Rafter connectors – these are the most common type of hurricane strap. Simpson Strong-Tie hurricane ties are designed to resist high winds and seismic forces by positively connecting trusses/rafters to the top of wall of the structure. The H1. One way this can be constructed is as a full ladder, with parallel fly rafter and ledger A hurricane strap is a connector that is used to strengthen wood framed roofs and homes. , with a minimum of Jul 2, 2005 · Replies. homebuildingandrepairs. The most common reason for installing collar ties is to prevent rafters from spreading apart under load. 5's or more depending on what the engineering report says. If collar ties or ridge straps are installed to Some connectors install with the Simpson Strong-Tie ® Strong-Drive ® 1/4" SDS HEAVY-DUTY CONNECTOR screw. You can also view product information related to the category: Seismic and Hurricane Ties. Where ceiling joists or rafter ties are VGT – Girder Tiedown Installation. The H11Z holds a rafter or truss on both sides for high lateral load resistance. It’s difficult, though, to get enough toenails through the rafter’s bird’s mouth and into the 2×4 plate to provide sufficient resistance. A classic choice for securing your rafters is toenailing involves connecting the rafter to the top plate using nails driven into the beam and the wall cap. Make a birdsmouth cut on the rafters if installing the tie on the inside of the wall. The areas that experience the highest wind uplift loads on a roof are the outside corners and the gable ends. Jul 21, 2016 · Californiadecks. It is drilled at an angle on different ends of the rafter, which prevents the nails from loosening from the roof’s weight. In newer construction, metal straps or metal hurricane ties were added that anchor the trusses or rafters to the top plate and While many hurricane ties have been evaluated with 8d x 1½” nails for compatibility with nominal 2x roof framing, some require the use of a longer, 8d common (2½” long) nail and others require a larger-diameter 10d nail. 1 Uplift resistance. When specifying products for a continuous load path, it’s a good idea to select connectors that all use the same size H3 Hurricane Tie. Hurricane ties. It reinforces the frame with bolts, screws, and nails to balance the weight of the entire structure. Areas where the basic wind speed does not exceed 115mph, the wind exposure category is B, the roof pitch is greater than 42-percent slope, the roof span is 32 feet or less, and rafters and trusses are spaced not more than 24 inches on center. Install with 3/8" hex socket or nut driver. As part of a continuous load path, the H3 resists both lateral and uplift loads. 8kg). Here are a few examples: Alabama: Hurricane ties are required on all new homes, with no more than 30 nails used per tie. With no birds mouth, the only thing keeping the rafter on is the mechanical fastener. 11. </p> Where ceiling joists are not parallel to rafters, rafter ties shall be installed. A35 Studs to Plate Condition; A35 Joist to Beam Condition; CS/CMST14 – Coiled Strap Installation; CSHP – High-Performance Coiled Strap Installation; H1A – Hurricane Tie Installation. 5A, H3 are too tall to anchor TJI's to the bearing plate without installing unnecessary web stiffeners. Collar Tie. H11Z. “Proper installation is key to ensuring the effectiveness of hurricane ties. It features a G185 ZMAX galvanized finish. The inspector must rate it based on the weakest connection. H1A – Hurricane Tie Installation. So if you're framing a cathedral where the wall ties are above the plates you need 'em. A value-added solution for high-wind applications, it is designed to resist uplift and lateral loads. Apr 8, 2020 · The difference between them is that a collar tie is placed up near the ridge beam, but a rafter tie gets installed in the bottom third of the vertical distance from the top plate of the wall to the ridge, as shown in the diagram above. Those two cuts add just a few seconds to the whole process. 1. Add a seat, and gravity helps. Use a level to ensure that the rafters are level and straight. Less than 1/2” sideways gap between connection points. The U-shaped design provides faster installation than using two single-sided ties. This is not to say that there is no value to adding tie downs at every roof-to-wall connection. (2) 10d toe-nails each side of TJI will satisfy my lateral collector requirement, but, I hesitate to specify this due to the relatively small Apr 27, 2013 · Try this- cut a rafter- one with a birds mouth and one without. On the other hand, rafter screws like the SDWC Truss screw provide a faster and more efficient alternative for securing roof framing. #4. Mar 9, 2024 · 9 Tips for Connecting Rafters to Ridge Beam: Place the ridge beam on top of the rafters. 5A 18-Gauge Hurricane Tie. 5AZ Store SKU # 1000152530. Of course, since the wood is inserted into the cradle, you will have to choose those whose width corresponds to the width of the wood frame. H1A. I am currently doing the rafters and I seem to have gotten myself into a bit of a pickle. Rafter Condition. They’re made of galvanized steel, and they The rule of thumb is that the gusset should be twice the width of the wood you use for your rafters. A35 Joist to Beam Condition. S/H1A. This brings up our wind load capacity plus earns the homeowner a good 25% off or more from their premiums. Example: In the rafter span table below, the highlighted cell (13-0) indicates that a 2" x 8" Douglas Fir rafter, with a grade of #2, spaced 24" apart, can have a maximum span of 13 feet - 0 inches (13-0) if designed for a live load of 20 Psf, and dead load of 20 Psf. The HS24 attaches the bottom chord of a wood truss or rafter to top track and stud at pitches from 0:12 to 4:12. Reinforce the connection between the top plate and wall joists if needed. Normally, here in MA, the only time the inspectors look for hurricane clips is if your rafters are not connected to both the top plate and the ceiling joists. The name “hurricane tie” comes from the fact that they are strong enough to secure a roof even in extreme winds and weather conditions. Toenailing. the rafters are probably undersized and you need metal connectors at rafters and beams. 1 says: Notches on cantilevered portions of rafters are permitted provided the dimension of the remaining portion of the rafter is not less than 3-1/2 inches and the length of the cantilever does not exceed 24 inches in accordance with Figure R802. The S/H2. The H10A series holds the rafter or truss on both sides for high uplift applications with embossments that add stiffness in crucial areas for improved performance. html Click on this link for more information about roof framing, garage building and home remodeling. R802. Aug 23, 2021 · 15 posts · Joined 2021. Some hurricane tie models are available with -Areas where the uplift force per rafter or truss does not exceed 200lbs (90. Rafter Condition; Truss Condition; H2. Hurricane Tie. The other method commonly used to support the sheathing and the barge rafter is the ladder method. Here is what Section R802. No visible severe corrosion of the connectors. Be sure that the hurricane ties and fasteners are compatible Mar 13, 2023 · One of the best options aside from a birdsmouth cut is hurricane ties or galvanized metal connectors. These U-shaped hurricane ties provide faster installation than using two single-sided ties. Determine Rafter Length and Pitch: Start by determining the length of the rafters based on the dimensions of your shed. 5. The issue here is, these areas where the roof framing meets the top of walls are usually hidden behind drywall on the Rafter ties shall be spaced not more than 4 feet (1219 mm) o. The symmetrical design of the Strong-Tie H2. Position the rafters accurately, ensuring that they are evenly spaced. Rafter tie connections shall be based on the equivalent rafter spacing in Table 2308. Jan 1, 2021 · To install hurricane straps on an existing roof, you’ll need to remove the soffit. May 10, 2022 · The two main types of hurricane straps available for sheds are timber and rafter connectors. Hurricane clips typically are designed to resist rafter uplift only and, as such, won’t provide Hurricane Ties For Shed Roof Framing. This article will explain the different terms for hurricane Feb 8, 2023 · Because hurricane clips do a better job of protecting homes against hurricane-force winds, several Gulf States require them in new construction in addition to Florida. CSHP – High-Performance Coiled Strap Installation. Like. The H8 single-sided hurricane tie is designed to resist moderate loads at the top of a wall connection. In fact, almost all building codes across the United States require their use when framing a shed roof. Rafter Tie vs. ep hh mr jp tw xn jv vh jj cn